Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support (ACLS) Practice Exam

Which of the following is a sign of effective CPR?

1. Increased heart rate

2. Decreased blood pressure

3. PETCO2 ≥10 mm Hg

4. Improved oxygen saturation

The correct answer is: PETCO2 ≥10 mm Hg

Effective CPR is critical for maintaining organ perfusion and increasing the chance of a successful outcome in a resuscitation scenario. One of the measurable indicators of effective CPR is the level of end-tidal carbon dioxide (PETCO2). A PETCO2 value of 10 mm Hg or greater signifies that there is adequate blood flow to the lungs, which occurs when compressions are effectively circulating the blood, allowing for proper gas exchange and transport. When high-quality compressions are performed, the heart can maintain minimal perfusion pressure, which helps transport carbon dioxide from the body's tissues to the lungs. As circulation improves, the PETCO2 levels rise, indicating effective chest compressions and better overall perfusion. Thus, achieving a PETCO2 of 10 mm Hg or higher is a strong sign that CPR is effectively maintaining circulation and providing a better chance for successful resuscitation. In contrast, other indicators like increased heart rate or improved oxygen saturation may not always be directly linked to the effectiveness of CPR itself. They could vary based on a range of factors, including the patient's condition or medications administered. Decreased blood pressure during CPR is not a sign of effectiveness, as this can indicate poor blood flow and inadequate compressions. Therefore, monitoring PETCO2