Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support (ACLS) Practice Exam

Which condition is indicated by a blood pressure of 68/50 mm Hg accompanied by tachycardia?

1. Hypertensive crisis

2. Shock

3. Stable angina

4. Pulmonary embolism

The correct answer is: Shock

A blood pressure reading of 68/50 mm Hg indicates hypotension, and when accompanied by tachycardia, this scenario is indicative of shock. Shock is a state in which the tissue perfusion is not adequate to meet the metabolic demands of the body's cells, which can cause cellular dysfunction and organ failure if not addressed promptly. The low blood pressure signifies that there is insufficient blood volume or cardiac output to maintain normal circulation, while tachycardia often occurs as a compensatory mechanism where the heart beats faster in an attempt to maintain adequate blood flow despite the low pressure. In this state, the body's compensatory responses are activated, which include increased heart rate and possibly peripheral vasoconstriction to preserve blood flow to vital organs. Recognizing shock is crucial in emergency situations, as it can be caused by various factors including hypovolemia, cardiogenic issues, or distributive causes like sepsis, necessitating immediate intervention to restore hemodynamic stability. Understanding the signs and symptoms of shock, including the combination of low blood pressure and elevated heart rate, is essential for effective ACLS practice and patient management.